Fertilizer Efficiency and Risk Assessment of the Utilization of AOD Slag as a Mineral Fertilizer for Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and Perennial Ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) Planting

Argon oxygen decarburization (AOD) slag is the by-product of stainless steel refining process, which has caused considerable environmental stress. In this work, utilization AOD as mineral fertilizer for alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne planting were investigated by pot experiments. The morpho-physiological parameters biomass, plant height, root morphology biochemical malondialdehyde (MDA) content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, catalase (CAT) peroxidase (POD) chlorophyll measured. accumulation chromium in plants was also determined an safety perspective. It found that low rates (≤0.5 wt.% ≤2 ryegrass) fertilization are beneficial to growth these two plants. However, soil enrichment with higher amounts resulted reduction growth. Compared alfalfa, showed tolerance fertilization. toxicity slight. Health risks induced consumption grown on high (≥8 wt.%) detected.